Osmosis, Endocytosis, Mitosis, Oh My!
- Grace Taylor
- Nov 6, 2015
- 1 min read
April 10th, 7:15 PM
Facilitated Diffusion- The process of moving impermeable molecules across a membrane (down their concentration gradients) using channels or pores
Osmosis- The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane in response to an imbalance of solute
There are three types of solutions in biology:
1. Isotonic- Solutes and water are equally concentrated within and outside the cell
2. Hypotonic- Low solute concentration and a high concentration of water compared to the cell's cytoplasm
3. Hypertonic- High solute concentration (low water concentration) compared to cell cytoplasm
Filtration
- A passive process of moving material through a cell membrane
- Uses a pressure gradient (high P --> low P)
- Hydrostatic pressure is the driving force
ACTIVE TRANSPORT- REQUIRES ATP
1. Primary Active Transport/Solute pumps
- Moves ions from an area of low concentration to one of higher concentration
2. Endocytosis and exocytosis
- Endocytosis: Material is engulfed within an infolding of the plasma membrane and then brought into the cell within a cytoplasmic vesicle
- Phagocytosis: The uptake of large soluid particles such as bacteria (cell eating)
- Pinocytosis: The uptake of fluid and any small molecules dissolved within it (cell drinking)
- Exocytosis: The reverse of endocytosis (internal vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and releases material to the outside)
Mitosis
- The process of cell proliferation/cell division
- 4 main phases: Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
Prophase
- Nucleus disappears
- Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
- Separation of entrosomes
- Formation of the miotic spindle
End: 8:00 PM. This marks 8 hours of pre-proposal capacity building towards my senior project.
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